Le + siad + emphatic ending = leosan (LYOH-ssan): theirs Le + sibh + emphatic ending = libhse (LIV-sheh): yours
Le + sinn* + emphatic ending = linne (LIN-yeh): ours Le + sí + emphatic ending = léise (LAY-ee-sheh): hers Le + sé + emphatic ending = leisean (LEH-shan): his Le + tú + emphatic ending = leatsa (LYAT-suh): yours Le + mé + emphatic ending = liomsa (LYUM-suh): mine
#Imeme irish birthday how to#
A brief summary: A prepositional pronoun combines a preposition with a pronoun to create a word that may mean something very different from the sum of its parts.īitesize members can take advantage of our audio-rich lessons to learn how to form prepositional pronouns in Lesson: Prepositional Pronouns and to learn more about emphatic endings in Lesson: Say It With Emphasis – Part 1 and Lesson: Say It With Emphasis – Part 2. If you haven’t encountered prepositonal pronouns yet, or if you just want to refresh your memory, check out the July 25 blog post Prepositions in Irish. Instead, Irish uses a special emphatic form of a prepositional pronoun, using the preposition “le” (with), to take the place of the possessive pronoun. Yours, mine, ours A pronoun form that Irish lacks is the “possessive pronoun”: He saw her (or it) last night.Ĭhonaic sí aréir iad. You saw him (or it ) last night.Ĭhonaic sé aréir í. Siad (SHEE-ud) becomes iad (EE-ud) (this corresponds to the English “them”)Ĭhonaic mé aréir thú.
Sí (shee) becomes í (ee) (this corresponds to the English “her”) Sé (shay) becomes é (ay) (this corresponds to the English “him”) Objective forms in IrishĪs in English, some Irish pronouns take on a slightly different form when they’re the object of the verb: Instead, you use “sé” for “it” if the word is grammatically masculine, and “sí” if the word is grammatically feminine:īhuail an carr an balla: The car hit the wall./ Bhuail sé an balla. In Munster, they use an older form, “sinn” (shin) for “we.” Wait! What about “it”?Īs with many European languages, all nouns in Irish are either grammatically “masculine” or “feminine.” Thus Irish doesn’t have a single, neuter, word corresponding to the English “it.” We saw Máire last night.Īn bhfaca sibh Máire aréir? Did you see Máire last night?Ĭhonaic siad Máire aréir. He saw Máire last night.Īn bhfaca sí Máire aréir? Did she see Máire last night?Ĭhonaic muid Máire aréir. Subjective forms in Irish In Irish, the objective forms of pronouns are:Ĭhonaic mé Máire aréir: I saw Máire last night.Īn bhfaca tú Máire aréir? Did you see Máire last night?Ĭhonaic sé Máire aréir. The fancy grammatical term for these, if you’re curious, is “the subjective form” and “the objective form.” A pronoun takes a subjective form if it’s the subject of the sentence and an objective form if it’s the object of the sentence. They pushed the ball off the shelf./They pushed it off the shelf. I see Joe run every day./I see him run every day. The ball fell off the shelf./ It fell off the shelf. Subjects and objects Just like a noun, a pronoun can be the subject of a verb: If you’re already a Bitesize member, you’ve probably already encountered Irish pronouns, particularly in Lesson: Creating short sentences. (If you’re not an American of a certain age, give it a look…it’s hilarious and informative!)Ī pronoun, as we learn from this fun musical video, is a short word that takes the place of a noun: I/Me, He/Him, She/Her, It, etc. If you’re an American of a certain age, you may remember a Schoolhouse Rock video called Rufus Xavier Sarsparilla, which taught children about the proper use of pronouns.
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